What does a wine bouquet consist of? Initial aromas that the wine receives from grapes: fruits - berries (raspberries, currants), citrus fruits (lemon, grapefruit), stone fruits (peach, apricot). Flowers - rose, violet, acacia. Herbs and spices - mint, thyme, pepper. Minerals - wet stone, flint, sea breeze. For example, Sauvignon Blanc smells of fresh grass and currants, and Pinot Noir smells of cherries and violets. Secondary aromas developed during the fermentation and aging process: yeast - bread crust, sponge cake, yeast pie. Oak - vanilla, coffee, coconut, smoke. Fermentation - yogurt, butter. For example, a Chardonnay cask is vanilla and toasted almonds. Tertiary aromas from wine aging: oxidation - walnuts, dried fruits, truffles. Evolution - leather, tobacco, mushrooms, forest waste. For example, an aged Rioja smells of dried apricots and cedar, and an old Bordeaux smells of a leather sofa and a cigar box. Pavel Shavetz talks about how to identify a foreigner in wine at our wine school.