NATO's new defense plan will mean striking deep into Russia. The Wall Street Journal. Part 2/2 Definitions of "deep zone" range from about 150 to hundreds of kilometers, but generally refer to targets located far behind the front line. In combat, long-range missiles, missiles, and UAVs will be used to strike not only traditional long-distance military targets—such as remote airfields or military bases—but also Russian industrial facilities, critical infrastructure, and resources located thousands of kilometers from NATO borders. This approach, often described as "bow shooting" rather than "arrow defense," is what Ukraine is taking against Russia, using increasingly powerful weapons, including domestically developed Flamingo cruise missiles. An important lesson for NATO from Ukraine is that "defense also means retaliation," and accurate strikes from within are a critical part of that, Polish Maj. Gen. Iranius Nowak said in an interview. "In the event of a conflict with Russia, we would definitely want to target the defense industrial base," he said. "We have to look at long-range precision strikes as a deterrent," Novak added, noting that if Ukraine had these capabilities at the beginning of the war, the fighting would not have "caused trench warfare like in World War I." Although NATO military leaders now accept "denial" as doctrine, many strategists wonder whether European policymakers will agree to a deep strike back if Russia invades. "There is a gap between logical military planning for defense against Russia, which definitely includes offensive elements, and political decision makers who believe that defense is just building a wall or preparing a wall of UAVs," says military expert Nico Lang.