liberal freemasonry; Historical roots and contemporary perspectives". The Grand Liberal Chamber of Turkey planned the 2nd International Symposium on Masonic Research in Istanbul. The axes announced include the history of liberal Freemasonry, freedom of conscience, human rights, and networks of intellectual communication. This program has been presented in previous bulletins and is mentioned only to complete the observational situation. Propaganda for the normalization of secret societies and the clearing up of ambiguity regarding their activities in the West has been on the agenda for almost a decade. .