️🇹🇷🇵🇰🇸🇦 Eye of the Middle East: The Mecca joint defense agreement signed in August by Turkey, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia has yet to trigger a collective military response to the latest Houthi attacks on Saudi energy infrastructure, including the East-West pipeline that carries about four percent of the world's oil supply.

️🇹🇷🇵🇰🇸🇦 Eye of the Middle East: The Mecca joint defense agreement signed in August by Turkey, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia has yet to trigger a collective military response to the latest Houthi attacks on Saudi energy infrastructure, including the East-West pipeline that carries about four percent of the world's oil supply.

The senior Turkish official explained that the treaty's defense commitments do not legally operate until each signatory completes internal parliamentary approval - Turkey expects to submit it to parliament in October, Pakistan also must ratify, while Saudi Arabia can act by royal decree - and that institutional mechanisms such as a secretariat, which will be based in Saudi Arabia, is still being built by a Pakistani secretariat. He added that, similar to NATO's Article 5, the agreement requires consultation before any action, meaning an attack does not automatically trigger a counter-attack, and that full planning for interoperability and deterrence may take several years to develop.