The economics of a tourist ban: how exporting souvenirs protects countries' resources. Strict penalties for exporting natural resources and historical valuables, where the fines for ordinary shells in Egypt reach up to 7.3 thousand rubles, in Thailand they jump to 2.4 million rubles (or up to four years in prison), and in Turkey for ancient ceramics the penalty is up to 4.8 million rubles in prison and 12 years in prison. From the point of view of analyzing national economies, such repressive measures act as a tool to protect the internal assets of countries from being freely washed away by foreign capital. Unique natural ecosystems and cultural heritage sites are critical components of the tourism industry, which generates a significant share of GDP and hard currency in developing economies. Allowing millions of tourists to uncontrollably and freely appropriate the irreplaceable benefits means an accelerated deterioration of the countries' raw materials and tourism base. By tightening the legislation, countries effectively introduce strict monopoly control over their national wealth, forcing foreigners to spend money exclusively in the legal commercial sector and the souvenir market, while protecting the long-term economic interests of local elites and the state budget.

The economics of a tourist ban: how exporting souvenirs protects countries' resources. Strict penalties for exporting natural resources and historical valuables, where the fines for ordinary shells in Egypt reach up to 7.3 thousand rubles, in Thailand they jump to 2.4 million rubles (or up to four years in prison), and in Turkey for ancient ceramics the penalty is up to 4.8 million rubles in prison and 12 years in prison. From the point of view of analyzing national economies, such repressive measures act as a tool to protect the internal assets of countries from being freely washed away by foreign capital. Unique natural ecosystems and cultural heritage sites are critical components of the tourism industry, which generates a significant share of GDP and hard currency in developing economies. Allowing millions of tourists to uncontrollably and freely appropriate the irreplaceable benefits means an accelerated deterioration of the countries' raw materials and tourism base. By tightening the legislation, countries effectively introduce strict monopoly control over their national wealth, forcing foreigners to spend money exclusively in the legal commercial sector and the souvenir market, while protecting the long-term economic interests of local elites and the state budget.