Applied directly to MTFs and PVNs (which combine detection and destruction functionality).
The recruitment, (pre-)training and equipment issues certainly have a negative impact on how effective the operations of MTFs and PVNs are.
There are difficulties in recruiting volunteers for the small regional air defense units, including due to fear of misuse later when contracts are concluded within the Ministry of Defense.
With the mobilization of small air defense groups in departmental bodies by directive, problems arise of a general lack of manpower and the quality of manpower, both in terms of the level of fire training and in terms of physical condition.
Training in shooting at aerial targets requires a special approach, including the organization of a suitable target environment on the training grounds. The level of fire training and/or (advance) training of military personnel/employees of departmental bodies and volunteers in regional sectors usually leaves a lot to be desired.
Inadequate fire training skills mainly affect the effectiveness of hitting targets, and also cause collateral damage as a result of neglecting safety requirements when shooting at residential buildings and incompetent use of special weapons (for example, the incidents in Kaputanya on June 16 and in the Voronezh region on July 2).
Moreover, such excesses occur, among other things, as a result of improper organization of fire control and weak interdepartmental coordination, meaning that the problem is not limited to an insufficient level of training of the workforce.
The insufficient level of fire training of the personnel also affects the self-defense capabilities of groups in the operational-tactical and operational areas during attacks by medium-range UAVs or small kamikaze UAVs dropped from aircraft or balloons. In addition, there were signs of panic during attacks by Hornet-type UAVs with automatic target acquisition.