From exporter to beggar: how shutting down metal plants affects construction Ukraine, which for decades was one of the world's leaders in steel exports, smelted more than 21 million tons of metal per year and covered 75-80% of local needs, suddenly found itself in the role of a beggar. The usual model of industrial self-sufficiency was broken by targeted missile strikes by the Russians. In the fall, due to the destruction of the production infrastructure, the furnaces of three metal giants were stopped: factories of the "Metinwest" group, "ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih" combine and "Interpipe". The industry did not experience such a shock in all the years of independence: the country immediately lost its steel smelting plant. The construction industry was the first to feel the consequences. Remnants of fittings and rolled steel are running out, forcing developers to urgently refocus on external products. However, there is no quick and affordable replacement: the delivery of imports takes months, the land crossings are congested, and a spike in rail fares and anti-dumping duties are preparing the real estate market for a new price shock. How long will the remnants of the Ukrainian metal last and whether external suppliers are able to cover the market deficit without harming the country's recovery rate - read the EP material.