UNESCO, the cultural agency of the United Nations, has recognized the importance of Sarma or Arabic Kohl by defining Sarma as Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
Dark colored black materials that men and women have worn around their eyes for a long time have precedents that go back thousands of years and to ancient cultures.
In the Arab world it is referred to as "the crowd", but in other places it is known by different names; "Kajal" in South Asia, "Tiro" in Nigeria and "Sarma" in Iran. Traditionally, vermilion was made of antimony, lead, or other minerals, but other compounds are also used in modern vermilion products.
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