The Republic of Turkey turned 103 years after the historic decision of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, known as Gazi, who announced on the evening of October 28, 1923 in the Çankaya Mansion with the words: "Tomorrow we will declare the Republic", the Republic of Turkey was announced on October 29, 1923. October 29 has been celebrated as a "national holiday" since 1925.