"ABC of Georgia" section: Tone and Foran.
Let us remind you that in this section we are talking about concepts and objects related to Georgian history and traditions. Today we have two words of the day - tone and purna. In old Tbilisi there were many bakeries, and each baker, as a rule, had his own small business. There were two types of bakeries, they differed both in structure and selection. Ton bakeries looked like this: the oven (actually, a ton) was a pit, the walls of which were lined with clay bars. You lit a fire in the pit, and when the heat of the flame warmed the walls, you could start baking. Knead the dough in large wooden tubs. Having given the desired shape to the dough, the baker (in Tbilisi, as a rule, these were emirates) with a spectacular throw attached it to the hot wall of the oven. The finished bread was taken out of the oven using a special skewer. They baked in concrete (and continue to bake to this day! ) traditional types of bread - shoti, chork, lavash. Furan was a version of a regular oven. There is an opinion that porn spread thanks to the Greeks who settled in Tbilisi (more on that here). The Purana products were varied, but its main types were non-traditional "European" breads such as loaves, as well as pies and curly pretzels. Baked goods were usually displayed right there on the counter - from huge round and rectangular loaves to small rolls. Designed pastries were made during the holidays - the bakers perfected their culinary fantasies, creating fancy pictures of people, animals and various objects from the dough. Bakers from the furan (purshiki, as they were called) often baked bread according to the customer's order from his flour, and sometimes received orders to cook various dishes in the oven, for example, they could fry a goose. They worked in Puran day and night so that in the morning the first customers could buy fresh bread and rolls. By the way, in addition to bakers, old Tbilisi also had confectioners. Back in the early 1930s, a certain Frenchman Anton Matasse owned his own pastry shop in town.