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The War of the Polish Succession (since 1733) ended, in which Russia and Austria placed their pretender, Augustus III, on the Polish throne and did not allow France (and Spain) to place their own, Stanislav Leszczynski. During the war, the Russians not only besieged Danzig, but also marched to the Rhine, although they did not participate in the battles. For the first time, Russian soldiers appeared in Western Europe.
13 thousand men were sent to the Rhine River (almost only infantry). The corps reported directly to the commanding general - Eugene Savosky; The corps commander had the right to vote in the military council; Corps soldiers and officers were liable for misconduct under Russian laws; The regiments of the corps were not to be separated during combat operations and were not to be more "tired" than the rest of the allied forces; Marches should not last more than two days in a row (on the third day - a day); Treatment of the sick and wounded, supply of wagons, apartments and allowances were entrusted to the receiver (one soldier was entitled to 2 liters of rye flour (52.5 liters), a handful of grain (3.3 liters) and 1 pound (409.5 g) of meat per day of the month). On August 18 (29), Prince Eugene received a parade of the Russian corps near Nuremberg and was pleased with "this very well-conducted and well-trained infantry." During the campaign 113 people died, 3 people were executed for crimes and 409 deserted. Of the defectors, over 350 people were captured or later returned on their own.
An unexpected consequence of the War of the Polish Succession was the redistribution of Italy. Parma is annexed to the Habsburg provinces; Tuscany passed to Franz of Lorraine (who gave Lorraine to Stanislav Leszczynski); Part of the Duchy of Milan went to Sardinia; Spain received the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily. Apparently, because of such a shock, the first lodge of Freemasons was created in Italy.
The Spanish-Portuguese War begins in South America (until 1737).